Relationship of Bone Reoxygenation Rate and Bone Density Using Near Infrared Spectroscopy and Dual X-Ray Absorptiometry Technology
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Authors
Fryer, Grace
Amoako, George
Cusack, Ella
Issue Date
2024-04-04
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Abstract
Given the critical role of blood supply in bone growth and repair, understanding the impact of cardiovascular function on bone density is crucial. Technology such as magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography have typically been used to assess this relationship. Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and dual x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) can assist in assessing this relationship in non-invasive and more accessible ways. The purpose of this study is to assess the correlation of reoxygenation rate in the proximal tibia and bone density in an understudied population of college-aged students using NIRS and DEXA technology. Through assessment of correlations based on sex and physical activity level, we can further understand the relationship in a younger, more diverse population than previous studies. After collection of demographic data and completion of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, participants will undergo an occlusion protocol. A blood pressure cuff will be placed as high as possible on the right leg and inflated for arterial occlusion to the right limb for five minutes. Reoxygenation rate will be quantified by finding the slope of the oxyhemoglobin concentration, recorded by the NIRS unit, in the first three seconds postocclusion. The NIRS unit will be secured over the right tibia recording the blood perfusion data. Participants will then have a DEXA scan of the proximal tibia bone measuring bone mineral density. Regression analysis will be performed to assess correlations between blood reoxygenation rate and bone mineral density. It is hypothesized that the NIRS and DEXA technology will demonstrate a positive correlation of reoxygenation rate between bone after arterial occlusion and tibial bone density. It is further hypothesized that female participants and participants of lower physical activity levels will have significantly lower reoxygenation rates and bone density. These results will help to identify realistic, non-invasive strategies to help individuals understand the relationship between blood flow dynamics and bone density.