Fiber Type Oxidation
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Authors
Coulter, Brenden
Issue Date
2024-04-04
Type
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Abstract
There are two major types of muscle fiber types in all humans: type I or slow twitch, and type II or fast twitch. To determine the exact composition of muscle fiber type, taking a sample of the muscle tissue, such as in a muscle biopsy, is the gold standard. There are ways to noninvasively estimate muscle fiber type, but they only use mechanical data. The sole use of mechanical data to estimate muscle fiber type is limited, as there is enormous variability in mechanical output. The objective of this study was to use metabolic data and genotype data, along with mechanical data to reach better estimations of muscle fiber type composition. All procedures in this study were approved by the institutional review board and participant informed consent was obtained. The study contained 19 male current or former college football players. Height, weight, thigh length and thigh circumference were measured before the protocol. A Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS)
device was placed on the vastus lateralis of each participant. A blood pressure cuff was placed proximal to this. Participants were seated on an isokinetic dynamometer and a Hokanson rapid cuff inflator was connected to the blood pressure cuff. Resting muscle oxygen consumption (mVO2) was measured via three, 10-second bouts of arterial occlusion. Immediately following, the participants performed a standard fatiguing protocol on the isokinetic dynamometer: 50 maximal effort single leg extensions. Immediately following, recovery of mVO2 to resting levels was measured via 15, 10-second arterial occlusions. One final three- to five-minute occlusion was completed for physiologic calibration of the NIRS signal. Participants provided a saliva sample for PCR analysis of the ACTN-3 gene. articipants came back one week later to repeat the protocol. Data collection is still being conducted.